In the thermal management system of automobile engine, the cooling system plays a crucial role, and the water pump is the core component of the efficient operation of the cooling system. As the power source of the coolant circulation, the water pump ensures that the heat generated by the engine can be taken away in time to maintain the engine in the best operating temperature range, so as to ensure the power, economy and reliability of the engine.

Maintain coolant circulation to ensure engine heat dissipation:

1. When the engine is working, the temperature in the combustion chamber can reach thousands of degrees Celsius, and even if some heat is discharged through the exhaust system, there is still a lot of heat to be dissipated.

2. Coolant flows through the jacket inside the engine block and head, absorbing this heat and preventing the engine from overheating.

3. The pump powers the coolant circulation, ensuring that the coolant continuously carries heat away from the engine and to the radiator for heat dissipation.

Adjust coolant flow to adapt to different working conditions:

1. The engine has different heat output under different working conditions. For example, when driving at a low speed or idling speed, the heat generated is less; When driving at high speed or heavy load, the heat is larger.

2. The flow rate of the pump needs to be adjusted according to the engine condition to ensure that the engine is always kept within the optimal operating temperature range.

3. Modern cars usually use electronic pumps or mechanical pumps controlled by the engine control unit (ECU), which can adjust the pump speed in real time according to the engine temperature, load and other parameters, thus accurately controlling the coolant flow.

Switch between small cycle and large cycle of cooling system:

Automotive cooling systems are usually designed with two paths of small circulation and large circulation.

• Small cycle :The coolant only circulates inside the engine, without passing through the radiator, for the engine to warm up quickly.

• Large circulation :Coolant flows through the radiator to dissipate heat into the air for normal engine heat dissipation.

The pump can switch the coolant between small circulation and large circulation by working with the thermostat.

• When the engine temperature is low, the thermostat is closed and the coolant is small circulation to help the engine warm up quickly.

• When the engine temperature reaches a certain value, the thermostat opens and the coolant circulates to prevent the engine from overheating.

Provide auxiliary functions to improve system performance:

Some cars' water pumps are also integrated with other functions, such as:

• Coolant temperature sensor :Monitors the coolant temperature and transmits the signal to the ECU for controlling the work of fans, pumps and other components.

• Coolant heater :In cold weather, heat the coolant to help the engine warm up quickly.

Summary

The water pump plays a crucial role in the automotive cooling system, not only driving the coolant circulation, but also regulating the coolant flow, realizing the cooling system circulation path switching and providing auxiliary functions. The normal operation of the pump is the key to ensure that the engine is always in the best operating temperature range, which is of great significance to ensure engine performance, extend service life and improve fuel economy.